How effectively has Charles Dickens Essay

This piece of course work is going to focus on Charles Dickens and one of his most famous works, the novel ‘A Christmas Carol. ‘ Charles Dickens was born in Portsmouth in the year 1812, his family was very poor; infact so poor that when Charles was merely 12 his father was imprisoned for debt. This caused Charles a lot of shame, embarrassment and humiliation which was made even worse, when, due to his family’s lack of money he was forced to work in a blacking factory, in pretty poor conditions for an even poorer pay. Infact this probably influenced his attitude to child labour in later life and inspired him to write ‘A Christmas Carol’. As Charles grew older he went on to work as an office boy and then finally he became a reporter of debates in the House of Commons for the Morning Chronicle, he also began to write sketches for a variety of journals. Dickens then went on to write a number of a famous novels: Oliver Twist, Nicholas Nickleby and The Old Curiosity Shop were all completed, but it was in the year 1843 that Charles Dickens began to write one of his most famous novels ‘A Christmas Carol’. Dickens wrote ‘A Christmas Carol’ when London’s poor were living at their worst. Poverty, filth and disease wrecked the livelihoods of the poor living in London and there was very little that could be done about it. Many children died very young and shocking statistics show that in 1839 almost half of the funerals in London were for children under the age of ten. Families were big, the parents hoping that the more children there were the more money the family could earn but this often wasn’t the case as the cost of bringing up children was quite expensive. Parents gained money from working around the clock for six days a week this meant a lot more than 12 hour working days for the poor and often mistreat from their employers, but it gained a little money and kept the families alive. However the amount of time spent at work would obviously take a toll and family life would deteriorate so Sundays were kept very special as a time to chill once a week and just to spend time with family and friends. This was a day of freedom until the law made going to church compulsory every Sunday ‘ Sabbatarianism’. This really affected the lives of the poor as they could not spend quality time with their families and had no freedom. This was something Dickens really empathised with and he really understood the poors’ views and wanted to do all he could to change it. Most children grew up facing a life following in their parent’s footsteps which meant a life of no education or money. The only option left was to be part of the ‘ Ragged Schools’, schools run through a charity which gave children a basic education and some religious lessons. Dickens himself was very interested in this charity although he did not agree with the compulsory religious education. The lives of the poor were indeed very terrible and Dickens was determined to do something about it, he realised that people would take much more notice of the horrific living conditions for the poor if he wrote about them in a story. So through his characters in Christmas Carol he really reflected the truth about life for the poor, how even when their lives were the most terrible you could imagine, they spread love to others around them and they stuck together through the worst. How they weren’t lazy just not well enough paid. This really changed many of the rich peoples( or Scrooges) ideas about the poor and ended up changing many of the lives of the people living in London. Dickens then went on to write a number of books that are still just as famous and widely read today. He was still writing in 1870 when he died suddenly leaving his final novel ‘The Mystery of Edwin Drood’ incomplete. Dickens tells the story ‘A Christmas Carol’ almost like a song; each chapter is called a stave which means a verse. There are five staves; each one represents a different thing that happens to the main character Scrooge. The first stave starts off with the Scrooge before the visits from the four ghosts; ‘He was a tight fisted hand at the grind stone, Scrooge! A squeezing, wrenching, grasping, scraping, clutching, covetous, old sinner’. It is then a little later on in the first stave that the first ghost is introduced, Scrooge is visited by his long dead best friend the ghost of Jacob Marley. Marley tells Scrooge the coming plot of the story how he will be introduced to 3 different ghosts all with the same message ‘Change your ways’. The second stave is the visit of the first spirit, the ‘Ghost of Christmas Past’. Then the third and forth staves are separated into the visits of the second and third spirits, the ‘Ghost of Christmas Present’ and the ‘Ghost of Christmas Future’. They tell of Scrooges life and how if he doesn’t change he will come to a very bitter end. The fifth and final stave is how Scrooge has reformed his character he is a completely different person and he helps to change the lives of everyone who knows him. Dickens uses many skills and techniques to portray contrasting views on Christmas through his characters. This way he managed to open the eyes of so many people living in London, he convinced them that the poor were not lazy but good, hardworking, honest people who deserved a lot more than they got. In his novel he displayed two main, contrasting views on Christmas. One came from Scrooge, the typical rich man who did not see any reason to be jolly at Christmas as it was a time when you paid bills but had no money. ‘ What’s Christmas time to you but a time for paying bills without money, a time for finding yourself a year older, and not an hour richer. ‘ The other contrasting view comes from the poorer people, whom Dickens always displays in a good light. There are two main characters in the novel that come from poorer backgrounds, one is Scrooges clerk, the hardworking, honest Bob Cratchitt, the other is Scrooges very own nephew. He is very set against Scrooges point of view on Christmas. ‘A good time: a kind, forgiving, charitable, pleasant time†¦ ‘ This is a very effective and clever technique that Dickens has used because he is emphasizing the fact that Scrooge is the miserly old man that doesn’t really care about anyone but himself and making money; this puts the poor in the good light, they are displayed as warm, kind hearted loving people who care and look out for each other. This is exactly what Dickens has intended to do; it has instantly made the reader aware that the poor people are the good. Another example of a contrasting view on Christmas is also in the conversation that Scrooge has with his nephew. It once again emphasises on the fact that Scrooge only cares about money; Scrooge says ‘ Merry Christmas! What right have you to be merry? What reason have you to be merry? You’re poor enough. ‘ The nephew then replies: ‘Come then†¦ What right have you to be dismal? What reason have you to be morose? You’re rich enough. ‘ Scrooge is saying here that his nephew has no reason to be merry at Christmas time as he is too poor; with which the nephew retaliates that in that case Scrooge has no right to be unhappy at Christmas time as he is very rich.

Christian Influences on the Modern World

Despite its numerous branches, Christianity as a whole is the religion practiced by majority of world’s population. Ever since its beginnings in the first century AD, it grew exponentially. Massive numbers of its followers have caused it to have considerable influence on the world culture. Since the majority of its followers were from what is considered the western world, the influence of Christianity on it was greater than elsewhere. The impact of Christian philosophy in the areas of politics, economy, business, law, education, science and human relations will be discussed in this report.While the issues discussed are contemporary, the historical aspects are also presented. The educational system of countries under theocratic governance is influenced to a greater extent by it than any other institution. The reason for this is simply that the process of educating requires the presentation of ideas and theories whose validity is established by the governing authority. Where oth er institutions concerning business, health, etc†¦ already have an established infrastructure, the educational institution can be completely remodeled and molded into any shape that is desired.Those countries that practice extreme forms of theocracies generally concentrate in providing religious education and ignoring other subject areas [1]. Some of the subject matter may be considered extravagant resulting in its exclusion from the curriculum. At the same time, through religious influence, young minds can be channeled into maintaining the cultural aspects of the nation that themselves could have been shaped by the religion [2]. Christianity has played an influential role affecting western societies throughout history. The command of Christianity was greater in the past centuries and has gradually decreased.Today its influence is very low and constantly fading. In the 18th and 19th century, Christian education was extremely important to the education of a child. More so than a ny other subject matter, the moral aspect of life was given more importance. However as time passed and knowledge grew, especially in the field of science, other subject matter grew in their precedence. Nevertheless, religious education was not neglected. However, in the early 20th century, the education of the origin of life contradicted the religious education concerning that matter. This issue was taken to court and the court decided in favor of the religious side [3].Half a century later, when opponents questioned the constitutionality of prayers in public schools, the matter went to the Supreme Court and the decision this time resulted in the abolishment of prayers from schools. This was the turning point in the influence of Christianity on education. From this point on, the influence of Christianity on education has been minimal and public school education has been completely secularized. Christianity’s influence on business is not easy to perceive. The effect of other religions on business, such as Islam’s effect on the business practices in the Middle East is easily observable.Some of the many influences of Islam on business in a country practicing Islam include closing and opening shops at only certain periods of the day, having certain religious holidays, donating certain amount of the profit to the local Muslim charity and so on. Likewise, the effect of Judaism on business is easily observed when those practicing Judaism don’t open their places of business on Saturdays in order to keep Sabbath and not buying or selling of any â€Å"non-kosher† food items. Looking at all these practices, it seems that Christianity stands out because it does not seem to have any influence on the business practices of our current world.This may seem true because those nations that had practiced Christianity in the past have for the most part separated religion from social aspects of life. Nevertheless, the current business practices of the w estern world have been influenced by Christianity in complex and subtle ways. One of the effects of Christianity is the very existence of the capitalist nature of the businesses in countries that had been influenced by Christianity. In the past when capitalism was under attack by communism, one of the chief aspects of anti-communism propaganda was claiming communism to be an anti-Christian ideology.This idea is not as far-fetched as it seems. The idea that hard working people should be rich and idle people should be poor originated from biblical passages which say that a man who does not work shall not eat. There are other biblical passages which advocate that hard work is blessed by God. Thus the idea of a capitalist country where every individual tries his/her best to gain wealth and is not hindered from doing so originated in many ways from the Christian culture. This idea also reveals how communism stood in the opposite position since the wages of every worker would be fixed reg ardless of the work put in.Apart from the above mentioned influences, similar influences are hard to pinpoint. However, they still do exist. As an example, the keeping of business places closed on Sunday is the direct result of the dedication of Sunday as a day of rest as it was established by the Catholic Church. In the current period, Christianity did attempt to make an influence in the business practices of the western world when credit cards were gaining fame and becoming part of the society. Christian influence attempted to oppose the trend because Bible passages indicated that a person should never borrow money but live by what he/she owns.Thus a hurdle was setup by this concept but it did not have much effect and credit cards became part of society. However, this indicates that Christianity is not as influential as it used to be and its power is fading. It has always been supposed and portrayed that science and Christianity stand on opposite sides. The proponents of each side for the most part believe that they will be at war with each other. And this is not an unfounded belief either because the Christian account of creation has always conflicted with the account of evolution which is accepted by the majority of scientists.The Supreme Court of the United States had upheld the scientists’ right to teach the theory of evolution in public schools and the struggle by the Christians to abolish that right has faded, since the Christians have understood that no court is going to rule in their favor [4]. However, this loss of Christianity was a major one because not only did it affect other scientific areas but it also affected aspects of culture, education, morality, etc†¦ If the very claim that God made everything could be contested and the new ideology is going to take dominance then all aspects of lifestyles will change for those who accept the new belief.And this change has already taken place and it is advancing further. The modern gay rights movement and the abortion movement though seem not to have any roots in this science VS Christianity battle, but it is only logical to perceive that the opponents of these movements are backed up by their religious belief which holds an opposing view of morality than those that the proponents of these movements hold. Regardless of the past defeats, the Christian movement has been putting up a fight against the popular claims of science in the field of biology.While the explanation for the origin of life has been attributed to the theory of evolution by its proponents, the lack of major fossil evidence as highly supposed by the early founders of this belief as well as the mostly unexplainable aspects of the complexity of life has brought into question the validity of this entire belief system. While the proponents of the theory of evolution have no answers to these new confounding problems, the lack of any supporting evidence to the original Christian belief has hindered its success into its own reestablishment.Nevertheless, the Christian side did wage a war and has attempted to take the matter of teaching their view to public school students through the idea of â€Å"Intelligent Design† to the Supreme Court. Even though the Christian side lost, their opposition is still strong and only time can determine the ultimate fate of this issue. While the influence of Christianity on most aspects of life in America has resulted in its weakening ability to maintain its power, its influence on politics stands out.Politics is the only field where Christian views regardless of the class of voters has mostly prevailed. In fact, a presidential candidate is not likely to be elected to the White House unless he reveals Christian upbringing or at least Christian views. Not only is politics inconsistent with the rest of the social structures, it is the only field that stands in utter contradiction since it had officially separated itself from all religious influences thr ough the concept of â€Å"separation of Church and State† first presented through the Constitution of America.While in other structures of society, Christianity stands in opposition to the trends and aspirations of the culture which for the most part picks liberal views over the conservative ones, in the case of politics, it is only the candidate running for his/her seat whose views are considered. The voters seem to hold the view that a candidate from a Christian background is moral and thus necessary to maintain a stable structure of the American way of life. This is not to say that the voters choose an anti-abortion or anti-gay candidate as their elected official.But the voters pick a candidate who describes his choices as being motivated by Christian views even though his interpretations of Christian morality may completely oppose Christian teachings. Thus in light of all these events and opinions, Christianity still holds its power in the field of politics although the o ther institutions have mostly rejected and ousted it. Christianity has played a crucial role in relationships, be it marital, single or family relations. Christianity teaches its followers to live with morality, and has set out a series of rules and regulations.These rules include abstinence and the legal binding of two individuals through marriage. Christianity strictly forbids sex before marriage. Whether practicing Christians follow this trend is in question due to a lack of reliable statistical data. However, many Christians choose to interpret these rules to fit their own needs and desired views. Such is the case where Christian children are taught to â€Å"respect their elders† and parents are encouraged to â€Å"discipline their children† [5].Whether â€Å"discipline† is meant as a corporal form of punishment or limiting the child’s recreational activities is left to the user’s interpretation. However, the teachings of the Bible/Christianity have often been used as justification or an excuse to abuse children This form (corporal punishment) of abuse is detrimental to a child’s physical and mental health and thus Christianity is often labeled the culprit and seen in bad light due to the fact that many infer that Christianity condones the abuse of children. From 1970 to 2000 the majority of U. S. tates voted to ban corporal punishment on a child the only exception being Ohio [6]. Christianity had influenced the modern world ever since its conception. Since the west has influenced the rest of the world dramatically, it can be said that Christianity itself has influenced the entire world. However, despite being a major religion of the world, the influence of Christianity has been fading in the past few centuries. For a majority of its existence it was the primary dictator of various ideologies. Drastic turn- around from this practice as witnessed in the contemporary orld will no doubt create a fundamentally differen t society. Whether for good or for worse, the effects of our presently upheld ideologies will only be known in its time.References1] http://worldblog. msnbc. msn. com/archive/2007/10/26/433457. aspx2] http://news. bbc. co. uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/1874471. stm 3] http://www. msnbc. msn. com/id/10545387/  

A reflective statement Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

A reflective statement - Assignment Example This is done by sharing responsibilities in order to achieve a common goal. The evidence of how interpersonal and team working skills are used are provided in a major reflective section of a final discussion placement report (Rogers, 2009). Collaborative Peer-Assisted learning (CPAL) is one of the ways on how the skills are used. This method helps students and individuals to save time and needless efforts by enabling them to just ask for help from their peers. The other peer students then supply suggestions and solutions that are to be read through and employed for problem solving as required. The CPAL method was included as a way of using interpersonal and team working skills. It is applied through the skills superstore learning function in a form of a team discussion forum so as to facilitate the requirement of interpersonal relation (Rogers, 2009). The other way on how the skills were used is through an effective communication process. Effective communication is achieved through various ways such as oral communication, effective listening, questioning, self awareness, assertiveness, helping, and reflecting. Oral communication entails the effective oral presentations. Effective listening provides a core skill with the ability to listen successfully in a situation of interpersonal range. Questioning enhances the ways of communicating efficiently in an interaction. Self awareness provides an assumed empathy needed for an underlying effective communication. Assertiveness is a vital interpersonal skill for an all-domain interaction. Helping is an effective and important interpersonal competence aspect of team working. Finally, Reflecting is a skill that closely relates to the psychological sciences and provides an ability of presenting reflections in an interpersonal team work (Rogers,

Reactions papers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reactions papers - Essay Example This holy book teaches that only true believers will be rescued on the day of the Last Judgment, while the rest will burn in the hell-fire, suffering from the eternal torments. The laws of God are unalterable. He sees every man and knows all the deeds and thoughts of people. People come to this world in order to improve themselves and serve the good. Man is the greatest of the divine creatures, the living image of God, while the nature of god is unidentified and mysterious. Islam is divided into three denominations: Sunni, Shia and Sufi (mystic Islam). The major difference between Sunni and Shia Islam is in their vision of the role of caliphs and Imams. Shias believe that only Muhammad’s descendents have the divine appointment and obey Imams, while Sunni accept the elected system of caliphate. Selim accuses Ismail of his going against the true religion and other Muslim people, tyranny and oppression directed towards the true believers and the rejection of the Caliphs. Selim be lieves, that by these actions of his, Ismail undermines the essential beliefs of the Sunni and repudiates the Quran. Selim also views himself as the noble protector of the true religion and prosecutor of all the unfaithful. War is against divine laws, teaches Quran. Conflicts must be first reconciled by the words. That is why Selim writes a letter to Ismail, trying to turn him to the right path of faith and informing him that otherwise he will have to commence war. It is obvious from the letter, that Selim pursues not only religious, but also state interests, trying to return back the territories captured by Ismail. Letter 8. Revolutions Reshape the World. There was a century between the Glorious Revolution (1688) in England and French revolution of 1789-1799, yet both events had the same results: establishment of the Parliamentary, constitutional monarchy. Bill of Rights, accepted by the British Parliament in 1689, which is still a part of the British

Capital Expenditure Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Capital Expenditure Analysis - Research Paper Example Is this a good investment There are four calculations one could use to answer this question: (1) payback, (2) discounted cash flow, (3) internal rate of return, and (4) opportunity cost. But before one could make these calculations, two other sets of information are needed. First, the alternative financing schemes for the project are identified: (1) all equity, (2) all-debt, or (3) a combination of debt and equity. Second, the following variables need to be determined: (1) discount rate, (2) inflation rate, (3) risk-free rate of return, and (4) loan rate. An important set of assumptions can also be made: taxes, depreciation, and the costs of improvements and operations would be disregarded in this first stage of evaluating the alternatives. An all-equity purchase means the property will be paid for in cash from personal savings or investments. In this option, the buyer withdraws $360,000 from savings or puts together one or more investors (friends or relatives) to pay the property owner this amount. An all-debt purchase means borrowing the full amount of $360,000 from the bank at a certain loan interest rate. One problem is finding a bank willing to lend the full amount of the property, not impossible given the way property prices are rising, but neither easy. The other is getting a loan maturity of five years or more to coincide with the sale date for the property. The mixed option combines savings/investments and a loan. The buyer can combine $100,000 of his money with $100,000 from a friend and borrow $160,000 from the bank. Deciding the right equity-debt mix is tricky depending on the loan rate and whether the rate is fixed or adjustable (usually annually), because rising rates would affect the cash flow. Variables There are four variables to be inputted into the formulas for the investment analysis. The (1) discount rate, which reflects the time value of money, is needed for discounted cash flow calculations. The (2) risk-free and (3) inflation rates are needed for opportunity cost calculations. We also need the risk-free rate and the (4) loan rate for the discounted cash flow and internal rate of return analysis as these affect the cash flow. The risk-free rate is the rate of return of a risk-free investment such as a Treasury Note or Bond, and acts as the benchmark for banks and businessmen in determining whether a project is worth the risk of the investment. If a risky investment gives the same return as the risk-free rate, it would not be attractive as an investor would expect to be compensated for higher investment risk. Looking at the updated statistics in the latest issue of The Economist (2007: 105), the risk-free rate, using the return for five-year Treasury Notes, ranges from 4.9% to 6.4%. The inflation rate is important because it "eats up" the value of money. If an investment gives only a return equal to the risk-free rate, the investor ends up losing money due to inflation. Therefore, the inflation rate has to be included in calculating the discount rate to ensure that the calculations take inflation into account. The table shows inflation ranging from 2.4% to 2.7%. The loan rate is the annual interest a bank charges from borrowers and may differ for each bank depending on several factors that are complex to enumerate. However, the loan rate is normally close to or between the discount and risk-free rates because loans are risky for banks (so they expect higher returns) but should not be too high to discourage borrowing. Since banks get their funds from depositors willing to accept

LEUKEMIA Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

LEUKEMIA - Research Paper Example Leukemia, being a blood disorder, affects all systems of the body especially the respiratory, renal and digestive system. As a result of the less white blood cell count, the immune system deteriorates leaving the lungs, the kidney and the digestive tract less resistant to infectious diseases. On the other hand, the decrease of functional red blood cell results to decrease oxygen transport which leads to breathing problems, less effective body waste delivery and filtering in the kidneys and a protracted decrease in appetite due to bleeding in gums. Inflammation, damage and cancerous tumors in the lungs and kidneys have also been attributed to accumulation of leukemic cells. Leukemia is a disorder not yet well understood but the prevailing thought is that the production of abnormal cells in the bone marrow is due to mutations in DNA. Researchers believes that the risk for Leukemia is higher when the patient have one or a combination of the following: Leukemia detection can be definitive only through a routine blood test as there have been cases where chronic leukemia has been found with no prior physical indications. Nonetheless, individuals with leukemia usually suffer from the following: Patient presentation - Always feeling weak or tired, easy bruising and bleeding (dark skin patches or tiny red spots on skin), swollen lymph nodes especially in the neck, fever and night sweats and bone or joint pains. Cytogenetics- involves checking abnormalities in cell chromosomes to determine abnormality. For example, Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) is due to the Philadelphia chromosome, an abnormality in the cell’s chromosomes. Chemotherapy – is a drugs-based approach normally administered by vein or by mouth. Those with leukemia in their cerebrospinal fluid receive intrathecal chemotherapy which involves administering drugs in their spinal canal.

The Current Citibank Status Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Current Citibank Status - Essay Example One day the Dow Jones is up, the next day it plunges down. Those who are holding out for economic stability seem to be optimistic that the highly controversial and recent national cash infusion of $3.5 trillion approved by Congress is going to put at least a mild set of spare brakes on the ride. Its primary purpose is to move working people in to more updated and viable industries based on changes in today's world; and hopefully, to get them spending and borrowing again. The government is also underwriting the virtual flotation devices for lending money to cash-strapped small businesses until a stalled economy can get moving. The only remaining question is in whether or not the average consumer is going to risk borrowing (or spending freely) in order to restart the flow once a checked economy makes its next move. What was "up slightly" on March 31 became a "multi-year low" on April 1. The high road seems to be a willingness to take the middle ground approach and state that consumer confidence is "relatively pessimistic," according to Scott Andron of the Miami Herald.[1] Most important in the consideration are the investors, national and global individuals and smaller corporate conglomerates who put up the money that underwrites the tangible assets so that loans can be withdrawn and used to sustain the economy. Without them, no one wins. U.S. officials have pressed their European counterparts to spend substantially more public money in an attempt to revive economic growth and global trade. Some countries, led by Germany, have strongly resisted, predicting that such a path could lead to unsustainable debts and runaway inflation. Luxembourg's prime minister, Jean-Claude Juncker, who heads a coordinating body of countries that use the euro currency, said European countries had already spent enough to jumpstart their economies. "The European stimulus plans are muscular, they are demanding, they are important in volume and in quality," Juncker said Wednesday in an interview with France's Europe 1 Radio. He said there was "no question" that the European Union would reject requests from Obama to spend more.[2] As recently as March of 2009, Citibank began to predict its own demise.[3] Michael Shedlock, a registered Investment Adviser for SitkaPacific stated [paraphrased] "Citigroup is essentially telling investors to bet against thema whole slew of financial stocks have been smashed to smithereens."[4] It is hard news to bear for a company that was once considered eternally solvent, particularly with all of the assets (and debts) that it acquired

Review Article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Review Article - Essay Example Aiken and her peers sought to determine the relationship between nurse-patient ratio and the quality of nursing care provided with focus on mortality and rescue success rates on surgical patients. Nurse job dissatisfaction and burnout due to the increased number of patients handled were also explored. The study involved a survey of 10,184 nurses and 232,342 patients from general, orthopedic, and vascular surgery wards. Recorded data of 168 adult general hospitals were also acquired. Data gathered included determination of nurse-patient ratios, mortality rates, failure to rescue within 30 days of admission and nurse satisfaction. These were then statistically analyzed to determine the relationship that exists between nurse-patient ratios to the other three factors explored. After adjusting for different factors such as sex, years of nursing experience, academic credential and size of hospitals, the results indicated that there is a congruent relationship between nurse-patient ratio and failure-to-rescue rate within 30 days of admission. For every additional patient the nurse is made responsible to handle, the failure rate increases by 7%. Nurse burnout also increased by 23% per additional patient and job dissatisfaction by 15%. Several factors have been found to cause the nursing shortage which includes bet... The study by Aiken and her peers adds further evidence to the notion that the additional number of patients tended to by nurses inhibits them from functioning more effectively. There are several studies further linking nurse-to-patient ratio and negative health outcomes. The significance of all these studies is that it highlights the need to take action immediately to address the nursing shortage for if none is taken or if authorities drag their on this subject, we may expect further decline in medical care quality. In my experience, every additional patient is a unique case thereby calling for an individualized nursing intervention. Nurses do have limitations and having more patients tended to help reach that limitation point. This is not only about physical capacities but also mental and emotional limitations as many nurses today are exposed to more complex diseases and violent and abusive patients and even doctors. Added to the stress is the constant threats and nagging by relatives to focus attention on their loved ones. Hospital and other clinical settings provide a tense working environment where the smallest mistake can be fatal. Nurses are human beings too and like everybody else, more work drains the person's ability to function effectively. There is a need to determine solutions to address the problem immediately or we may have a severely compromised medical system. Authorities, both from public and private institutions, should come together to establish a course of action. The evidence is already there and Aiken and her peers' study stresses that we are running not only of time but also of nurses. Summary: Jeffreys, M. (2005). Clinical Nurse Specialists

Tesco Malaysia Essay Example for Free

Tesco Malaysia Essay Tesco Malaysia is the only hypermarket who provides online shopping. The reason to go online shopping is Tesco has great quality of the products, freshly picked and carefully packed. Besides that, they have wide range, variety of brands for us to choose from. They also have great prices and promotions, the same as in store. Consumer can also collect Clubcard points, just like in store. The main reason of why consumer should go online shopping is Tesco delivery your products to your door in temperature controlled van. It’s convenient for consumer who doesn’t have enough time to go shopping in store. First of all, consumer will have to register an online account with Tesco and then can start shopping by browsing the product that they want. They are lot categories of groceries including fresh good, grocery, baby, chilled frozen, drinks, healthy beauty, household, pets and home, office gifting. Currently Tesco are only offering their service to some cities and towns within Klang Valley including Ampang, Bandar Baru Bangi, Bangi, Banting, Batu Caves, Cheras, Cyberjaya, Dengkil, Gombak, Hulu Klang, Hulu Langat, Jenjarom, Kajang, Kapar, Kepong, Kinrara, Klang, Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Selangor, Kuang, Meru, Pelabuhan Klang, Petaling Jaya, Puchong, Putrajaya, Rantau Panjang, Rawang, Selayang, Semenyih, Sepang, Serdang, Serendah, Seri Kembangan, Sungai Buloh, Shah Alam, Subang, Subang Jaya, Telok Panglima Garang. Consumers are required to choose a time slot for delivery. There are 2 hour time slots and its next day delivery from 10am to 10pm. 7 days a week. The payment type is pay at the door. Payment is taken after delivery, so consumer can amend their order up until 11pm the night before. All payments are by credit or debit card. The deliveries brought to consumer in a temperature controlled van. Consumer can hand back any unwanted items to the driver. Tesco take payment only on the exact items consumer has accepted. Payments are taken at the end of the day of delivery. There is a Tesco Help Page will be the guidance for the online consumer who seeks for answer known as frequently asked question(FAQ). It’s convenient for consumer. Besides that, there is ‘comment card’ for consumer to click in. Consumer can send feedback to Tesco and rate the page. There is contact number and email address of Tesco on the bottom right of the website. In my opinion, Tesco Online Grocery is a very convenient and easy-use for modern people in city.

Role of women in medicine between 1350 and 1900 Essay Example for Free

Role of women in medicine between 1350 and 1900 Essay There are many ways in which the role of women in medicine changed between the 1350 and 1900, accepted to colleges and universities, the difference in Europe to England and the image of nurses. Before the 1350’s women were not allowed or accepted to do anything involving medicine, they were seen and mentally unfit and too emotional for such jobs. Women have always been central in providing medical care, whether offering remedies in the home, nursing or acting as herbalists. However, the medical profession has been male dominated for most of its history. In Europe this came about from the 1400s, when many cities and governments decided that only those trained in universities were allowed to formally practise medicine. As women were not allowed into the universities they could not gain a licence. It was only until the late 1800’s after much struggle, that women won the right to study and practise medicine in the same way as men. This law was passed by the parliament in 1876; women were now allowed to study medicine in universities and colleges. The separate sphere philosophy, the idea that women are seen to be mothers and domestics house wives only, however men were strong, working and the providers. This image changed during the 1800’s and women who were nurses were often associated with prostitutes and drunks. However Florence Nightingale tried to change this image of nurses by only employing women who were highly religious, she scolded women who turned up to work drunk. Furthermore, Nightingale helped promote nursing as a more respectable profession for women rather than a profession frowned upon by men and in fact some women. However by 1900 women were still not able use the forceps, this meant that women still had to use their hands to help the mother give birth. From this we can see that even not being able to use the smallest of things can affect their jobs widely. Despite this women still deemed unfit to perform certain medical procedures such as some operations. This meant that women still could not forefeel their hopes and dreams in making a name in the world of medicine. Having analysed all the factors I feel that the most important factor to how far the role of women changed during 1350 to the 1900’s is the views and opinions of women. Although allowing women to be educated was quite important and also letting do certain medical procedures, if the opinions on women didn’t change.

Chaotic Curiosity or Curios Chaos

Chaotic Curiosity or Curios Chaos Abhishek Tiwari The word science comes from â€Å"scientia†, Latin word for knowledge. Webster’s dictionary defines science as â€Å"the knowledge covering the general truths of the operations of general laws, especially as obtained and tested through the scientific method and concerned with the physical world†. In a layman’s interpretation science is a systematic way to obtain the knowledge about the mystifying secrets of Mother Nature by few known facts, observations, and few approximate estimations. New theories and laws in science are proposed by using two points- 1) repetition or reproducibility of the data, and 2) computational simulation. But what happens if these fundamental rules are not followed in a system? As they say, exceptions to rules form new rules, these infringing systems fall into the category of â€Å"Chaotic systems†. Chaotic systems are those in which the distant results are practically unknowable. The Theory of Chaos rules this domain of sci ence. Today chaos theory is a field of study in mathematics with several applications in the fields of biology, cosmology, economics, engineering, meteorology, and physics. It talks about deterministic dynamic systems which are not just highly but infinitely sensitive to the initial conditions. Under such circumstances even with a fraction of difference in the initial stages would yield into complete different outcomes every time the process is started hence defying the first basic rule in experimentation. Every technology is built with its own error, limitations and approximation, and therefore computer simulation of such a dynamic system to know about its fate at certain point in space-time would either require a huge amount of initially defined components or a long time calculations which would still differ with the actual outcome. In other words the deterministic nature of such dynamic systems may not help in determining their future. Meteorologist Edward Lorenz was the first pe rson to talk about chaotic systems. He summarized this theory as, â€Å"when the present determines the future, but the approximate present does not approximately determines the future†. In 1972 Edward Lorenz wrote a paper titled as â€Å"Predictability: Does the flap of a butterfly’s wings in Brazil set off a tornado in Texas?† on the theory of Chaos. Edward Lorenz accidentally came across this topic while doing his work on weather forecast. Using a simple computer of his time, he was running a weather simulation. However due to time constraints he started his work mid way and to his astonishment he got a completely diverted results from the previous output. He concluded that the difference was generated due to the rounding-off of the numbers in the input. The consensus of the difference should practically have no effect on the immediate prediction but in a long run produced a significant difference. The word chaos is generally taken as complete disarray is a misnomer for this theory. The chaotic systems are not cluttered but are disciplined to an extent. Like we know for sure that the moon would not collide with earth in few weeks but the prediction remains uncertain for a longer time period. Similarly weather forecasts are known most accurately about a week before. Therefore chaotic systems are predictable for a while but later on with time it becomes random. The effectiveness of our prediction can be determined by following factors:- The extent of randomness acceptable The accuracy in defining the present state of the system The relative time scale (called Lyapunov time). In the hunt for defining the accurate state of the system the information increases tremendously and the uncertainty in the forecast increases exponentially over the time, thereby rendering distant forecasts meaningless. The state of the system is defined by a set number of points which tends to be accurate in describing it, but each one of it having a different fate over long duration. Thus, for a reason, chaotic systems are practically not possible in Euclidian Geometry. In 1982, Benoit Mandelbrot Published â€Å"The Fractal Geometry of Nature † in which he argues that a twine ball when observed from a far distance looks like a point, from fair distance like a ball and from close like a curved strand. He argued that the appearance of an object is dependent upon the observer and they can be fractional. The book became one of the classics for the â€Å"chaologists† as some of them called themselves. A double rod pendulum is the easiest example of a chaotic system. It f ollows the general rule and also oscillates almost in the same pattern as the pendulum but with time there arises difference of fractals which causes a large deviation. The slight initial conditions causes complete different trajectory. The Theory of chaos very soon became a law governing many interdisciplinary subjects. The field of biology has great implications as the understanding of the nervous system, and the circulatory system, are proved to fit a fractal model. Biological evolution, eye tracking disorder in schizophrenics can also be explained in mathematical form using the chaos model. The natural phenomena like earthquakes, its intensities and its distribution became easier to explain with the model of fractals. More researches can be done on such knowledge to explore the darkest realms of reality. Another such phenomena which is not completely explored by the present knowledge of science due to some limits is the Theory of Black Hole. Elbert Einstein proposed the existence of such phenomena years before astronomers actually spotted one. According to Einstein one of the fate of a giant size star is that when its nuclear fuel exhausts the force of gravity starts pulling in the mass around it. The star becomes as tiny as possible and the star becomes highly dense. When the size of the star reduces the gravitational pull increases square times and when the size decreases to such an extent that to escape from the field of gravitational influence one would need to attain the speed of light; a black hole is born. The radius at such stage is called as the event horizon. The point when black hole is formed, scientist believes that at the centre the space-time phenomenon is destroyed. It is also called the ideal black body, as it reflects no light. The idea of such a massive body from which no matter can escape was put forth by John Michell in 1783. Earlier in times, such massive objects were not seen of any importance or rather a fancy sci-fi stuffs because scientists failed to understand how gravity would affect a mass-less wave such as light. All the black holes have mass, some have angular momentum and also electric charge. Black holes are classified on the basis of their masses and independent of the other two properties. They are, namely, supermassive black holes (~400A.U), intermediate mass black hole (~1000km), stellar black hole (~30km), and micro black hole (~0.1mm). The size of the black hole is determined by the radius of the event horizon. A particle can move randomly in space when it is away from the black hole. As the particle nears the black hole more paths lead it towards event horizon and less paths away from it. Once inside event horizon the particle has only one path and that is towards the centre where the mass is concentrated. It is then no longer possible for that particle to escape. Event horizon gets its name because any event occurring inside that boundary cannot reach outside observer by any means thus making one impaired to notice if such event took place. Another phenomena that takes place to an object nearing the black hole is that the time slows down. To an observer falling into the black hole the clock ticks normally but to a distant observer the time difference is significant. This phenomena is called Gravitational time dilation and was first proposed by Elbert Einstein in his theory of Relativity. Consequently experiments were carried out and it was found that atomic clocks placed at different altitudes that caused them to experience different gravitational pull differed in nanoseconds. The difference in the time between a clock on the surface of the earth and the satellite revolving around it is significantly different making it compulsion to correct the global positioni ng system’s clock after equal intervals. The Gravitational Time dilation was wonderfully showed in the 2014 Hollywood blockbuster Interstellar. With the clock slowing down from a free falling object into the black hole the light emitted or reflected by this object changes to red. This is known as the gravitational red shift or Einstein’s shift. This primarily happens because the frequency of the light wave is slowed down by the gravitational pull of the black hole changing the color to red. Red shift is denoted by dimensionless variable (z). , Where, ÃŽ »o stands for wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation recorded by the observer, ÃŽ »e stands for the wavelength of the radiation at the source of emission. Thus red shift can be defined as the fractional change in the wavelength of the emitted radiation. There is a corresponding phenomenon to red shift known as blue shift and it occurs when some object is pulled towards a stronger gravitational pull from an area of weak gravity. However the observer free falling into the black hole does not realize these changes. Basically this means that the observer does not realize when he entered the event horizon. As per one theory when the person reaches the point of singularity i.e. the centre of the black hole where the space-time graph extends to infinity, they are crushed to infinite density and its mass is added to the mass of the black hole. Just before reaching the point of singularity the object is torn apart by the tidal forces which is often called as â€Å"spaghettification†. However this can be avoided in a charged black hole or reissner-nordstrom black hole. It is hypothetically said that the black hole takes the object to another space-time by acting as a wormhole. Since no information can be transmitted out of the event ho rizon, knowing exactly of what takes place inside is impossible and hence the mystery is still unsolved The gas falling into a gravitational well will form a disc like structure due to the conservation of angular momentum. Friction caused within this formation should heat up the gases and they would start radiating x-rays. This is known to happen around neutron stars and white dwarfs. It is called accretion of mass. It is the most efficient way of producing large amounts of energy still known about 40% as compared to nuclear fusion generating 0.7% of mass as energy. It is now accepted that the centre of every galaxy contains a supermassive black hole. The evidence of this can be the motion of stars around the centre of any galaxy. Astronomers are studying a region call Sagittarius A from the year 1995. They found that there is about 4.3 million solar mass contained in a radius of less than 0.002 light years. This mass-distance ratio is 3000 times more than the mass-distance ratio of event horizon. It is therefore conclusive that the centre homes a supermassive black hole and nothing el se like a star cluster. Stephen Hawking, in 1974, proposed that the black holes might release some radiation. These radiations are hypothetical and are called Hawking radiations. It is suggested that if black holes emit radiations they may shrink. To this, Hawking suggested that the microwave radiation entering the black hole has far more energy in comparison to the energy emitted. In 1970’s he proposed that the total area of a black hole can never decrease even if two of them collide and merge. This became the second law of black hole mechanics and has striking similarity to second law of thermodynamics which states that the entropy of universe continues to increase. As per the old thinking it was considered that the black holes having absolute zero temperature had zero entropy. If this was the case then the second law of thermodynamics would be violated and the entropy of the universe would decrease. Therefore, Bekenstein along with Hawking formulated the entropy of a black hole as follows:- Where, Entropy = S; speed of light = c; Area of black hole = A ; Newton’s constant = G; Boltzmann constant = k; and reduced Plank constant = H. One striking thing to be noticed in the equation is that the entropy is related to the area of the black hole and not its volume which is rather the case in normal entropy calculation. With many such theories put forth by the great minds the human knowledge has greatly increased. Not just that the knowledge but also the interpretation of the universe around us has greatly changed. From discovering the way to measure time to discussing about its deviation with gravity and from the time when we placed earth in the centre of universe till proving the big bang theory not just the technology has evolved but also the way of living life on the planet and knowing how greatly we affect the surroundings has been brought to daily prospects. Can this evolution or the progress of human mind be infinite? Will someday religion be taken over by pure and fundamental science? Will human evolve as the creator and destroyer of the universe? What will happen then? Among these few questions are unknown and few are unknowable which will be revealed in the course of time. But one thing is assured that the curiosity in the human brain will keep driving it to discover the perplexity of the world around him. This will eventually help science to progress in every possible dimension. The counter side to the above promises is far bigger, which justifies the fact that humans have to face limitations, some created by their own laws and some by the nature. Everything that humans make has its own errors, and it is well known that nature does not work on approximations. The point where humans cannot visualize and the power to understand gives up is the region where religion rules. May be one day science will enable mankind to have super powers or may be one day humans will succumb to the super powers of the Mother Nature.

Atoms Essay -- essays research papers

The beginning student of chemistry must have a knowledge of the theory which forms the basis for our understanding of chemistry and he must acquire this knowledge before he has the mathematical background required for a rigorous course of study in quantum mechanics. The present approach is designed to meet this need by stressing the physical or observable aspects of the theory through an extensive use of the electronic charge density. The manner in which the negative charge of an atom or a molecule is arranged in three-dimensional space is determined by the electronic charge density distribution. Thus, it determines directly the sizes and shapes of molecules, their electrical moments and, indeed, all of their chemical and physical properties. Since the charge density describes the distribution of negative charge in real space, it is a physically measurable quantity. Consequently, when used as a basis for the discussion of chemistry, the charge density allows for a direct physical picture and interpretation. In particular, the forces exerted on a nucleus in a molecule by the other nuclei and by the electronic charge density may be rigorously calculated and interpreted in terms of classical electrostatics. Thus, given the molecular charge distribution, the stability of a chemical bond may be discussed in terms of the electrostatic requirement of achieving a zero force on the nuclei in the molecule. A chemical bond is the result of the accumulation of negative charge dens...

Drugs in the Prison System Essay -- Drug Trafficking Jail Prison Essay

Drugs in the Prison System This research paper will consist of an analysis of the use and abuse of illicit drugs within the prison systems on a global basis. With information gathered from various sources such as the internet and one on one interviews with an inmate in a male correctional facility and a former inmate of a female correctional facility I intend to show the rampant flow of drugs in and out of the prison system, the control of (or lack there of) by prison officials, the drug gangs and dealers in correctional facilities, the rate of addiction, and treatments available to inmates suffering from addiction. The introduction of drugs into the prison system has been an issue for corrections staff for many years. Prison officials suspect inmate visitors are the main source of how drugs coming into prisons. Although inmates and visitors are subjected to a meticulous search prior to contact with one another, the introduction of drugs is happening on a regular basis. Drugs can become a major source of income, not only for the inmate, but also for the individual or individuals who take the drugs into a correctional facility. Another avenue for inmates is using a correctional officer. Most of the drugs that are available within a prison arrive by courier through a corrections officer. Unlike an inmate visitor, a corrections officer is not subjected to a meticulous search of their person and property. Stephen Shaw of the Prison Reform Trust was quoted as saying, " Prison officers were said to turn a blind eye to its use and even to deal it in themselves, to make their job easier."1 Several states within the United States allow for inmates to have possession of personal clothing. An inmate receiving personal clothing from home may also receive drugs that have been hidden within the clothing by a family member or friend. In addition, drugs have been known to be sent via the mail to an inmate concealed in packages of all natures. In the past, the distribution of heroin to an inmate was easily concealed on a postage stamp or on the glue part of an envelope. The use of drugs are an issue many people around the world must deal with while incarcerated or in the "free world." Throughout the history of prison reformatories inmates have constructed a mailing system within the prison to communicate wi... ...liams (in person) First hand account of drug trafficking, use, abuse, effects, and treatment in a Washington State male correctional facility. Prison Information Handbook (http://www.pars.org.nz/prison_information_handbook.htm) General information about prisons in New Zealand. Schaffer Library of Drug Policy (http://www.druglibrary.org/schaffer/GovPubs/cjstcha.htm) A Criminal Justice System Strategy for Treating Cocaine-Heroin Abusing Offenders in Custody. Substance Use In Prisoners The Norm Rather Than The Exception (http://www.docguide.com/dg.nsf/PrintPrint/1930E4546A3C26C7852564CA00574711) An article detailing drug use in UK prisons. The Eye of the Needle (http://news.scotsman.com/columnists.cfm?id=1207092004) An article about an inmate detailing drugs use and authority’s attitude in Scotland. The Prevention of Infectious Diseases in Prison (http://www.drugtext.org/library/articles/florenz.html) The effects of drugs and the spread of Aids and other diseases in prisons as a direct effect of drug abuse. Zero Tolerance for drugs in Prison (http://clinton3.nara.gov/WH/Work/010599.html) Presidents Clinton’s No tolerance drugs policy for the American Prison system.

Marriage: Is It in Crisis?

Marriage in America Burin Bianca Ramirez October 11, 2012 Marriage: Is It In Crisis? In America, it is the traditional thing to do to get married to someone in order to spend the rest of your life with. Someone to go through the ups and downs of life with, someone to be there to support you no matter what, and even in most marriages someone to have children with and to create a family. All these are perfect examples of why people get married, so why wouldn’t you want all of these things in your life? Well society as we know it today is declining in all aspects including, economics, the work force, and even health care.It is no wonder why people have come to the realization that marriage is in crisis because of everything that is going on around us. In the articles I read, â€Å"The Marriage Crisis†, â€Å"Pimp My Bride† and â€Å"Few Good Men† there are different viewpoints and takes on my marriage is in trouble. The most important points I will be making and elaborating on in this passage about why marriage in in crisis today will be the realization people are coming to about a worthy marriage, how the media portrays marriage, and the economic and emotional state of marriage.While explaining these points we will ask ourselves, is marriage in crisis? In the earlier 1900s people were getting married for usually one reason: Stability. Times were hard back then and the only way people could make a living was if they had a â€Å"partner† to help out with a household/farm while the other spouse went out in the work force to earn a living and put food on the table. Having someone help you out with things at home makes things easier and that’s why they formed almost a business like partnership. In the article â€Å"The Marriage Crisis†, it explains the declining of marriage and the rising of cohabitation.This brings up my first point which is the realization people are coming to about a worthy marriage. In other words, people can now fend on their own, especially woman. Today, women have more rights and are able to participate in the work force just as much as men are. Woman are more independent now more than ever before and because of this they don’t need to force themselves in a marriage they don’t want to be in just so they are financially stable. This is why cohabitation exists. People want to know a person for a long time before they make any commitment and rush into a marriage without fully knowing the good and bad in a person.In addition to women’s rights, marriage is declining because women also have the power of education. Women are now getting degrees, making their own money (not having to rely on a man), and gaining a sense of personal fulfillment and to some women personal fulfillment is a lot more rewarding than fulfillment from a marriage. On the topic of marriage and society now, media comes into play. Technology has emerged excessively in the last decade, and w ith technology comes media. Of course there are many different sources of media but we’ll just focus of television.In the article â€Å"Pimp My Bride†, the author Judith Halberstam explains the world of marriage on reality television based program. She includes shows like The Bachelor, Average Joe, and Joe Millionaire. All these shows portray one message: how marriage is outside of normal society which includes financial responsibilities, children, families, work, and other outside conflicts that usually affect a normal relationship/marriage. Halberstam explains how these reality television shows are known as â€Å"survival of the cutest† where these shows are simply based on looks, although they try to mix in personality with it, it usually doesn’t work that way.Shows like The Bachelor are scripted programs that only get our hopes up and make us think that marriage is perfect and nothing gets in the way of that relationship. Well that is totally wrong. W hat they don’t show is how marriage really is outside of that program. Usually with these shows, once the couple returns back to reality and to their normal lives, the relationship rarely lasts because conflicts that normal couples go through are suddenly hitting them and they realize that the perfect relationship they had before is not going to work in reality.This is why it is important to realize that these are just shows and you need to be smarter than to believe that your relationship/marriage is going to be as perfect as the ones you see on television. Those shows are strictly for entertainment purposes. Stepping aside from reality television marriages, and their â€Å"perfect† relationships, there is a need to talk about the reality of marriage. Do people get married? Of course they do. Do people get divorced? Of course they do. Why?When you marry someone it is because at that time you can see spending the rest of your life with them, but things can change and p eople can change and if you can’t seem to accept those changes divorce is usually the answer to get away from that and that is perfectly okay. I am a firm believer that if you are not happy in your marriage you have the right to divorce. I understand the spiritual side of marriage and how that can be a process and that there needs to be an appropriate reason for an annulment but overall people still have the right to break off a marriage that isn’t happy anymore.Why spend the rest of your life with someone you can’t be fully happy with, that is just making yourself suffer and can affect you in many different ways. If you do get divorced, you can always remarry and hopefully find your soul mate. On the other hand, remarrying is not for everyone. In the article â€Å"Few Good Men†, we notice a focus on single low-income women and their views about marriage. In their eyes marriage is more of a risk than a reward because they feel that nothing is certain or p romised in a marriage.With all the hardships they already have to go through now, having a marriage in which the husband beats them, abuses their children, who is controlling, or is unfaithful is just not worth the risk, and they’d rather stay single and fend for themselves rather than depend on someone who is not suitable for them. Now, they are not saying that they wouldn’t marry a man; he just has to be the right one, and to be completely honest there aren’t a lot of those kinds of men left. Marriages in low-income couples are not likely to last because of affordability, respectability, trust and control.Low-income couples sometimes do not work out because they depend of both the husbands and wife’s income. If a husband were to lose or quit his job the amount of necessities they can afford is very little. And when you add children to a household with two parents but only one income in an already low-income marriage, there is only enough supplies to go around for the children and very little left for the one providing and the one that is jobless, in this case the husband, is the one that doesn’t get anything which leads to marriages falling apart.In communities that are low-income based you would think that people there would not take marriage seriously but that is not the case. Women in those communities think of marriage as a â€Å"sacred† thing and they take it seriously. They all want that big, huge wedding that is magical just like everyone else. So they stray away from marriage because they’d rather not have a marriage in which the partner doesn’t take it seriously enough and doesn’t meet their expectations. Trust is also a big reason why women in these communities aren’t getting married.They simply just cannot trust men enough to marry them. They explain that at the end of the day â€Å"men will be men† and engage in an outside affair with another woman, and they will not put up with someone who is unfaithful. They also cannot trust them with handling money. It is not fair to the hard working women who are trying to pay the bills when the husband is spending their money on junk when they should be saving up and keeping that money handy for their children. And lastly, women feel that they cannot trust their husbands with their children.In the communities that they live in things like drugs and narcotics are easy to get a hold of and the women fear that the husband could be exposing their children to drugs and sadly, even sexually abusing their children. These make up all of the characteristics as to why poor women don’t marry. Based upon the evidence provided by the authors and their articles, I do in a way think that marriage is in crisis. People have such high expectations in what they want their marriage to be like, and they should aim for something high. In everything that is going on in the world now, people are entitled to be in a happy marr iage.Now, I am not totally convinced that marriage is in crisis. For those that do get married usually do it for the right reason: to be with the one you love for the rest of your life. Those marriages, I feel, are not in crisis. They understand the true meaning of loving someone unconditionally and they want to be in a marriage. So I other words, those who marry and don’t take it seriously are the ones that have marriages in crisis, but those who value marriage as a scared union help me believe that a happy marriage is still out there and it can be something to look forward to.In conclusion, society view marriage is in crisis because of all the changes that are going on around us and how it affects the institution of marriage. Economics and the work force take a toll on marriage today and put a strain on some aspects of marriage. People realizing the worthiness of a good marriage and the expectations they have on marriage has affected the decline of marriage and couples foun d cohabitation as an alternative of marriage. Media has affected the institution of marriage immensely through the works of reality television and how they portray marriage in a â€Å"fantasy world† rather than the real world.And lastly, marriage in low-income based communities is declining because of characteristics such as affordability, respectability, trust and control. So in essence, is marriage in crisis? I believe there is not right answer simply because the marriages in which the couple does not take the union seriously does put the institution of marriage in crisis but the few marriages that are perfectly happy are the ones to look up to and strive towards later on in life.

Coffee Shops Essay

Whenever I am in need to study or just want to find a place to hangout, what instantly springs to my mind is a coffee shop. There are many different coffee shops around me, but only one is my absolute favorite. My favorite coffee shop is Beca House. Beca House is a locally owned business and is only about twelve minutes from my house. It is the coziest little nook, where I usually spend my mornings before class eating breakfast and drinking my favorite espresso coffee drink. After all, coffee is the best way to wake up and get the body moving. As I walk into Beca House every morning, the strong bitter aroma of ground coffee beans drift through the air, soaking into my clothes as I make my way to the counter to place my order. The smell was circulating because the coffee bar is located near the left side of the shop. The first attraction for me was the baked goods. They are tidily placed in the transparent glass cabinet, lining up and waiting for me to eat them all. There were all different types of baked goods like muffins, streusels, cheesecakes, cookies, and biscotti’s. Up above near the ceiling of the bar, there were an assortment of coffee beans packed into brown bags. The barista takes my order, large campfire frappe, double espresso. On a cooler day, I order a hot vanilla cappuccino. The delicious smell of coffee generates from the espresso machines. There is also a blackboard on the counter near the menu with a quote written with chalk that will change from day to day. The barista hands me my custom beverage order, and I stroll back to the front of the coffee shop to find a place to get comfortable. All along the walls of the shop are strategically placed vintage paintings and inspirational quotes. Dim lights shine on the spaced out vintage furniture, making for a very soothing and quiet atmosphere. No two pieces of furniture are the same, big couches, small wooden chairs, dark colored pillows, and rustic end tables. I like admiring this type of environment: soothing and calming, yet still inviting. In comparison to most restaurants, coffee shops are by no means a noisy place. The sound of chatters and laughter blends together with the background music playing around the shop, and the volume is set at a medium tone. Coffee shops provide a comfortable, yet sociable gathering spot for people of all ages. I often find peers of my own studying for big tests, writing papers, or maybe just reading a new book and relaxing. The Beca House is my favorite part to my day. I cannot start without it. Even on days that I do not have class, I find myself getting my daily cup of coffee at the crack of dawn, just before work. Stopping at Beca House has become part of my daily routine, and I do not see it being cut out any time soon. I know I go there a lot when the barista’s know my order when I walk through the door. There’s something so perfect about it being just me, my thoughts, and my morning cup of coffee.

The representation of race in film

Discuss the representation of race in any one of the movies discussed on the class. Do The Right Thing ( Spike Lee, 1989 ) Analyzing race in any modern-day movie, can be a challenge it its ain right, but none the less film has changed and how we refer cultural groups and, today more and more histrions from different civilizations are looking on our screens. InDo The right Thingrace is evident on the screen throughout the full movie as Spike Lee introduces us to a mixture of multiculturalism from Black-Americans, Caucasic Americans, Italian-Americans, Asian-Americans, the movie itself engages its audiences and inquire us inquiries about racial struggle. The movie is set on the corner of a Bedford-Stuyvesant subdivision of Brooklyn, following the life of Mookie ( Spike Lee ) an intelligent immature black male, who is torn between sides, and that racial actions can take to a climatic minutes within the movie.Do the Right Thingne'er ties over to stereotypes, as its secret plan clearly and positively drives us through what mundane life and battles of a black-American in a racial environment. & A ; apos ; It c omes down to this: black people were stripped of our individualities when we were brought here, and it & amp ; apos ; s been a pursuit since so to specify who we are & amp ; apos ; ( Spike Lee ) fundamentally racial individuality is of import to the twenty-first century black American as is American independency. These together create a much stronger significance to the portraiture of American societies in Hollywood movies. Do The Right Thingis so powerful, with a batch of intending to it about racial purposes, was a challenge in itself to make, but what Spike Lee did, would intend you would hold to hold some kind of background history to make with multicultural vicinities, associating to the undermentioned narrative. Spike Lee & A ; apos ; s a black manager, who was brought up in Brooklyn so he knew the Immigration and Naturalization Services and outs of the topographic point, being brought up in a black vicinity inspired him to make the movie, he wanted to demo and do people understand what it was like, conveying this multicultural vicinity to cinema. His options on race and socialism, are portrayed in the movie rather good and fluently, even to the bare oculus. What & A ; apos ; s so cagey about this movie is that Spike Lee doesn & A ; apos ; t travel in front and enervate any civilization, alternatively shows everyone for who they really are. Each character is represented in their ain manner, for illustration some characters have their ain personalities which clearly represent their civilization, such as the Italian – Americans who own a eating house called Sal & A ; apos ; s pizza shop, the manner they dress and speak gives off a vibration, a typical Italian mobster back in the 1980 & A ; apos ; s. The usage of voices and how each cultural group negotiations, subjects them and makes it easier to understand who & amp ; apos ; s apart of who. We now come across to the other characters in the movie, each drives the narrative forward in their ain specific manner, and most if non all the chief characters have their ain alone portion in the movie which drives the narrative forward, come oning the movie and the tenseness constructing up a round the country. Spike downwind represents race in about every histrion on screen apart from, The Local DJ ( Samuel L. Jackson ) and smiley, the local DJ seems to be slackly narrating the narrative as it unfolds in forepart of him, during the racial tenseness scenes we see the local DJ attempt to quiet and loosen up the state of affairs about as though he is contending for peace within the vicinity. We now move onto smiley and what seems to be the full movie, smiley is invariably looking to be showing himself without the usage of words, he wants to develop an individuality within the vicinity, due to his mental disablements he faces some challenges. smiley represents that everyone is different, but still has a topographic point to remain in this universe, Some people should merely larn to run into people for who they are, have some compassion as you ne'er know, they could be one of the nicest and intelligent people you will run into. that was spike Lee & A ; apos ; s purpose on be half of the character smiley, he tries to demo us the audience and the world/media, that everyone can be equal, it & amp ; apos ; s merely takes attempt in socializing with the environing people. Lee shown this inDo The Right Thing basedaround racial tensenesss and force, which can be proved a challenge as smiley portrays in the movie, as he isn & A ; apos ; t aloud to voice his sentiments in a mode he would wish excessively. This movie clearly understands racial civilizations and tensenesss from all sides of the cultural groups.Do The Right Thingoffers us the spectator to inquire a figure of inquiries about race and political relations which Spike Lee had created within the narrative is defined by a race, and clearly shows us who and what cultural group they are with. This is one of the grounds why Do the Right Thing is still such a powerful movie. The inquiries it raises, while still powerful, besides still eludes us to the narrative about them intending of the movie is. another inquiry which is overlooked is, is at that place a black aesthetic? Spike Lee uses the mise en scene to depict and truly demo what an ghettoised black vicinity, set in Brooklyn. he sets this by utilizing exact vesture and prompts of a typical Brooklyn street, from what he remembers from his yesteryear, he brought into this movie, making the right ambiance for the audience, Lee & A ; apos ; s movie besides tries to accomplish dem anding/repeating political consciousness which is to state he doesn & amp ; apos ; t merely convey up political subjects but dares to take place. & A ; apos ; Fight the Power & A ; apos ; was the first vocal to be played in the movie, Spike Lee had this playing in the beginning shootings, with a adult female dancing deeply and sharply to it, utilizing this technique spike Lee is boding what will be played through the movie, force, Frustration, music, all this is shown under one vocal & A ; apos ; Fight The Power & A ; apos ; , it gives off negative vibraphones about what the movie holds, and the vocal & A ; apos ; Fight The Power & A ; apos ; & A ; apos ; Well, possibly we should halt stressing the negative, possibly we should stress the positive. Why can & amp ; apos ; t we fight for power, instead than contend the power & A ; apos ; this can be supported by this quotation mark ( Burton B. Roberts, administrative justice of the State Supreme Court in the Bronx, New York Times & A ; apos ; Do The Right Thing & A ; apos ; Page 2 ) fundamentally sketching why we as group our contending amongst ourselves why non battle for what w e think is right, and that everyone should be treated the same. Do The Right Thingfoliages us oppugning the facts based around ethnics groups, racial tensenesss and how we live together as a society. in Do the right Thing you it is impossible to pull specific decisions /about what was and wasn & A ; apos ; t the right thing to make. Spike Lee puts together a movie conflicting to political orientations from Malcolm X and martin Luther male monarch, clashing both facets of peace and force into one movie. this movie went into such item about a delicate topic demoing us the spectator different facets of the twenty-four hours in and outs of a immature black American. Spike Lee wanted to make such a enlightening movie about race, yet do it in a elusive manner. Spike Lee shown us what was right and incorrect, and how racial tenseness can construct up to make and even bigger narrative. . Bibliography & A ; apos ; It comes down to this: black people were stripped of our individualities when we were brought here, and it & amp ; apos ; s been a pursuit since so to specify who we are & amp ; apos ; ( Spike Lee ) Burton B. Roberts, ( July 1989 ) administrative justice of the State Supreme Court in the Bronx, New York Times ( July 1989 ) & A ; apos ; Do The Right Thing & A ; apos ; Page 2

Charlemagne Robert Folz

Frannzen Linares Thursday, October 14, 2010 Knowledge Summary of Source. Report #1 – Charlemagne Robert Folz. The Coronation of Charlemagne(Book), first written in french in 1964, this book is now available in English translation. Robert Folz is well known for his monumental studies of the legend of Charlemagne in the Middle ages. Robert Folz was a French medievalist and a specialist in the Carolignan era; for this reason he is better qualified than most historians to convey a deep understanding of the efforts and signifance of Charlemagne for France and Europe.Folz concentrates on the growth of Frankish power, starting with Clovis and leading to Charlemagne. The focus is on political and religious developpments that explain the imperial coronation, rather than on social and economic history. Folz presents all this with brevity and clearly; the elegance of style shows his familarity with the source material. He wrote numerous books all related and similar to Charlemagne such a s: * (French) Le souvenir et la legende de Charlemagne dans l'Empire germanique medieval. (1950) * The concept of empire in Western Europe from the fifth to the fourteenth century. 1953, translation published 1969) * The coronation of Charlemagne. 25 December 800. (1964, translation published 1974) * (French) Les saints rois du Moyen Age en Occident, (VIe-XIIIe siecles). (1984) * (French) Les saintes reines du Moyen Age en Occident (VIe-XIIIe siecles). (1992) This book also uses extraits and portions of the book â€Å"Life of Charlemagne†(Vita Karoli Magni) which was written by a man named Einhard who actually was a dedicated servant of Charlemagne which adds to the reliability of this book.At the same time, he uses extraits from letters written by a man named Alcuin to Charlemagne himself and books written at the time and date back to Charlemagnes reign. Book written by Robert Folz and translated by J. E Anderson, the publisher of this book is London : Routledge and Kegan Pa ul, 1974 and is a Translation of: ‘Le Couronnement imperial de Charlemagne (trente jours qui ont fait la France : 25 decembre 800)'. Paris : Gallimard, 1964 The company has also published a book with a small portion of the life of charlemagne, The Philosophy of John Scottus Eriugena: A Study of Idealism in the Middle Ages By Dermot Moran.

Crazy love Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Crazy love - Essay Example The speaker then introduces the book Crazy Love, indicating that it is about living one’s life radically for Jesus, and then begins to explore the contents of this book. This part of the speech is highly effective as it functions as both an introduction and a suspenseful attention grabber, as the listener begins to wonder what extremes the author and speaker are recommending one go to live their life for Jesus. Throughout the speech a number of transitions are worked in so the speech does not simply grow stale or meander without a purpose. In these regards, it’s clear the speaker has mastered the content and chosen a speech that is well structured for delivery. This is improved by a number of real-world examples, such as the story of a homeless person that lives their life simply to spread the word of God. The speaker continues the speech in an upbeat and impassioned way, further holding the viewer’s interest. The speaker indicates that while they are being judged, they also passionately believe in the message and hope the audience will be moved by it. Even as the speaker relays this in an energetic way, one begins to sense that the speech is slightly contrived and perhaps over-rehearsed. It begins to be relayed in a slightly theatrical way that distances the speaker for their message, leading the listener to begin to question if they are truly committed to its principles. Still, other aspects of the speech come across highly genuine. The speaker is also apt at varying the intensity and her inflection. In these regards, it’s clear that while she may not truly be committed to the underlining message, she is non-the-less committed to delivering the speech in as convincing a way as possible. As the speech continues a number of references are made to the notion of living rad ically for Jesus and the speaker’s personal life. These connections further enhance the speech as they bring the listener closer to the speaker and the purpose of

The impact of violent video gaming on aggressive behavior of high Essay

The impact of violent video gaming on aggressive behavior of high school students - Essay Example   Earlier, researchers found that violent content as a variable had a greater contribution to aggression because they did not equate non-violent and violent games based on the speed of action, difficulty and their competitive nature at the same time. For example, the aggression of high school students tends to be more in those who play competitive and difficult games because they need to put more effort to win the game. Therefore, there is a need to determine the effect of the aforementioned characteristics of video games to aggression either separately or in combination (Adachi et al., 260).The research findings were similar to those reported by Morrow and Anderson found that competition affects aggression by altering the heart rate and that competition leads to aggression more than it causes cooperation on the subject studied. Moreover, since the purpose of a competitive video game is to outdo the opponent. The participants were found to develop negative thought and frustration i n an attempt to prevent the opponent from winning (Adachi et al, 260). The effect of competition on aggression is also seen in other games such as soccer and hockey that may lead to violence and fighting. Thus, the effect of competition on aggression is evident and more significant than that of violent content in video games.Olson & Cheryl studied the patterns of M- rated games among students and the effects on their behaviors. They found that 20% and 44% of girls and boys respectively were found to have played an M- rated game known as Grand Theft Auto recently. From the statistics, boys were more likely to play the game than girls (Olson & Cheryl 7783). The game could, therefore, be considered a risk indicator for girls. The majority of the students were found to have played an electronic game with boys spending more time in the games than girls.  

Coastal engineering Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Coastal engineering - Assignment Example This has brought about constant developments and maintenance of the coastal zone to guard against flooding, erosion, and sediment transport. Waves have a major influence on the marine environment and ultimately on the planets climate. Waves travel effortlessly along the waters surface. This is made possible by small movements of the water molecules. The wind blows over the water, changing its surface into ripples and waves. As waves grow in height, the wind pushes them along faster and higher. Waves can become unexpectedly strong and destructive. As waves enter shallow water, they become taller and slow down, eventually breaking on the shore.   Waves have crests (the peak of the wave) and troughs (the lowest point on the wave). The wavelength, or horizontal size of the wave, is determined by the horizontal distance between two crests or two troughs. The vertical size of the wave is determined by the vertical distance between the two. Waves travel in groups called wave trains. Waves vary in size and strength based on wind speed and friction on the water’s. The small wave trains created by a boat’s movement on the water are called wake. High winds and storms can generate large groups of wave trains with enormous energy. Undersea earthquakes or other sharp motions in the seafloor can sometimes generate enormous waves, called tsunamis (inappropriately known as tidal waves) that can devastate entire coastlines. Regular patterns of smooth, rounded waves in the open ocean are called swells. In waves, it appears the water is moving forward, but only a small amount of water is actually moving. It is the wave’s energy that is moving and since water is a flexible medium for energy transfer, it looks like the water itself is moving. In the open ocean, the friction moving the waves generates energy within the water. This energy is then passed between water molecules in ripples

International Acoounting theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

International Acoounting theory - Essay Example The process of cutting down disparities among national accounting regulations, also referred to as the process of harmonization, has undoubtedly made steps forward since profound work began on it as freshly as 1967. Taking into account the dissimilarities that are present between the accounting goals of nations at various levels of progress and with various legal structures, possibly the astonishing thing is that any development at all has been accomplished in such short notice (McCarthy 2003). There are several theoretical assumptions of categorizing countries when taking into account their accounting requirements. One apparent difference is between the democracies and the authoritarian administrations that govern a great portion of the world. This difference does not match up efficiently to a partition between free enterprise and centrally regulated economies, because there are democracies such in the case of India with a considerable section of the economy in the control of state-owned and state-regulated enterprises, and there are those countries which are communist such as Hungary and Yugoslavia that leave capacity for a number of free enterprise (Solomons 1986). The relevance of this difference for financial accounting depends in the contribution of private investors as well as the capital market. They will commonly be much more relevant in free enterprise economies, and financial accounting will function in the same way more important role in the allocation and dist ribution of scarce resources (ibid, 53). Another evident difference is between the industrialized nations of North America, Europe, Australia and Japan and developing nations of Asia and Africa. Once again, the distinction is one of scale rather than of type. Every country is developing or retrogressing, and accounting has its task to fulfil in that growth in all of them. Majority

Riordian Manufactoring Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Riordian Manufactoring Paper - Essay Example The Material Resource Planning (MRP) would consider the kind of materials that would need to be needed and used in the manufacturing process. In the context of Riordian, it is seen that the following are the main kinds of materials/utilities used in production. The various components forming part of the finished products, viz. fans, are molded and assembled and fitted together by Chinese workforce. Any excess plastics are sheared off using shearing machines. The finished products, inspected and certified by R&D are next sent for packing .Next, they are individually packed in plastic films with placed into boxes with generous amount of packing straw in order to avoid transit damages. A bar code identifying the recipient of the product is sprayed onto the box using ink. The bar code would provide full profile details of the product specifications inside the box, in order to tackle any issues that arise later. The box is then placed through a system of conveyor belts that separates the box by its destination and conveys it to the appropriate section of the loading dock, so it is ready to be loaded onto a professional commercial carrier for onward transmission. It is believed that use of RFID technology in the materials handling department could, to a large extent, solve the present issues that perturb the production team. This could keep track of various materials that are being used and their movements in the production process. It is also seen that nowadays the production of electric fans follows discrete, and separate processes, because of which there is considerable time lay between placing of items required for production and receipt of such critical production items. Therefore, it is necessary that new process introduces Just in Time methods, which could reduce issues connected with Inventory and stock controls. Since fan manufacturing is a process industry where materials move through various

The business plan of Super Stars sports facility Essay

The business plan of Super Stars sports facility - Essay Example This paper discusses that Super Stars will be a sports organization which will be focused on enhancing and inculcating sports values among the community members in Bradford city in the United Kingdom. Currently, there are very few multi-sports facilities in Bradford and hence the company hopes to fill this gap. The kind of sporting activities that will be trained includes swimming, skiing, skate boarding, athletics, rugby, golfing, gymnastics, football and hockey. The organizations planned keys to success involves putting the customers wants first and working hard towards satisfying them. The organization will also use appropriate marketing facilities for its services, creating a conducive environment for its operations, purchase quality sports equipments and hiring qualified staffs to assist in the management of the activities. The Super Stars sports facility hopes to target people who have the passion for getting physically fit. It will provide all the necessary facilities that are required in order for people to exercise and attain maximum satisfaction. The members will be both adults and the children and it involves both genders. The sports facility will be a member’s only facility. The membership will be divided into a adult membership, students membership and junior membership. The juniors include children between the age of 5 and 14 years. The adults are those above the age of 14. The membership fee for the junior plan will be 40 pounds plus a 240 pounds annual subscription fee. The adults’ membership fee shall be 50 pounds plus an annual subscription fee of 360 pounds. ... However, students will be granted a fee waiver to encourage them to engage in sporting activities which include a 45 pounds membership fee plus a 300 pounds annual subscription fee. At the beginning of its operations, Super Stars sporting organization will use funds from the government and community contributions to finance its operations. The government has advanced 9,000,000 pounds towards the setting up of the facility. It hopes that the community will contribute 2,000,000 pounds. These funds will be used to purchase the necessary equipments, setting up the entire business, hiring trainers, and maintenance of the facility and equipments. The organization hopes to achieve 52, 000 pounds at the end of the first financial year. By the end of five years the facility hopes that the profits will have increased to around 250,000 pounds per year. Vision Statement The vision statement is a description of the picture of the organization in the long term or in the middle term. It is a clear picture of the organization that describes its desired outcome that seeks to energize, inspire, influence, and enables one to have a mental picture of what the organization hopes to attain( shank, 2005,p.75). It represents a framework for an individual’s comprehensive strategic planning and refers to the inspiration of the organization. It involves the articulation of the organizations dreams and hopes. It helps the organization in making a choice between the current and the future courses of action. It puts together the goals and objectives of the organization. In connection to sporting activities, the vision statement is set so as to provide it with a blueprint for success and set a foundation for what the long term goal is (Elitesportleader, 2012, p. 1). An effective vision

The role of the judge is to declare what the law is, and not to make Essay - 1

The role of the judge is to declare what the law is, and not to make it.Discuss this statement with reference to the theory and practice of both statutory interpretation and the doctrine of precedent - Essay Example The application of the law in particular controversies has been a contentious matter of this nature. Laws necessarily are framed in a general way so that they apply to a group of circumstances. When the judge seeks to apply these general principles to a specific case, he necessarily has to restate the law to a certain degree in order to put the case within its context. Similarly, the judge in common law cases is tasked to apply judicial precedent to subsequent cases to maintain stability in the law. The idea is that once meritorious, always meritorious – and, necessarily, the same for non-meritorious cases. Occasionally, however, the judge finds the need to modify or differentiate from precedent, to serve the ends of justice. In his treatise on the history and theory of statutory interpretation, William D. Popkin observed that originally, the judiciary and Parliament were not formally separated. Until the thirteenth century, Parliament was a mere group composed of powerful people summoned at the pleasure of the king. The function of Parliament at the time included â€Å"agreeing to pay taxes (it did not legislate taxes so much as assent to requests for money), dealing with matters of state (often foreign affairs), responding to petitions (what we would call private legislation), and passing some general rules (often prompted by petitions). Parliament was not so much a body as an occasion at which people met to parley or speak with the king as they saw fit† (Popkin, 1999). What may be deduced here is that judicial techniques such as statutory interpretation could not have existed while the legislature had not developed a sense of separation from judging. Until that was achieved, there was nothing to â€Å"interpret† as judges, being part of Parliament, could claim absolute competence in understanding the law. There was therefore a â€Å"shared sense of common enterprise† between Parliament and the judiciary because of the

Analyze Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Analyze - Assignment Example In this case, Greece would have to suffer because of the ideological misconception fostered by the Economic and Monetary Union. This is the belief that possession of hard money can drive smaller economies to grow and march other developed economies. This revelation would influence Greece to opt out of the Economic and Monetary Union. Consequently other smaller European nations not wanting to suffer under similar programs would opt out of the Union too leading to instability (Sēmitēs, Stiakaki, & Munro, 2014). On the other hand, if Greece were to fail to take the austerity measures and firmly hold against repayment, the countries credit rating would further plunge downwards. Sanctions against it by bodies such as the World Bank, The International Monetary Fund and the European Union would have drastically impacted on its economic prospects. Such political sanction intended to pressurize Greece into meeting its obligations of loan repayments would grossly affect its trade relations with other European nations. The country would neither be in a position to trade with its European neighbors nor borrow fund to meet its budget deficits. There would increase tension in Europe as other countries like Italy who are equally burdened by heavy debts would dread the possibility of undergoing similar troubles. Instability in the European economy would be eminent as other countries equally burdened with debts would be anticipated to follow in Greece’s footsteps. The eminent exit of Greece from the euro would be catastrophic. The Greek economy would be returned and stagnated. The countrywould have get back to production of its old currency and set up its own central bank. The European Central Bank would be left holding an enormous Greek debt with limited options. The devaluation of the euro which would result from such a scenario would consequently results